And here he was struck by disappointment, brought to tears. But I dont think my grandfather ever questioned a single decision he made. In his own words: I am really two people. Burgess did not cope well. Kim even duped his own children, and left them behind when he fled to Moscow. Five minutes later, Im watching the shadow of a tall, leafless tree falling against the snow on the path in front of my grandfathers tombstone, wondering who it was whod been here in the past few hours and placed a bunch of brightly coloured flowers at the foot of his grave. He was 76. In fact, he had arrived in Moscow days earlier, and can be seen on film standing just back from his fathers coffin. Perhaps. Putting real historical characters into a novel is a minefield, especially those who existed within living memory. They even had a dacha a country cottage 20 miles from Moscow where the children could swim, fish, bicycle and forage for mushrooms. Debt-ridden couple killed their dog and then shot themselves dead with shotgun on the day they were due to Rishi Sunak says he is 'ensuring the safety of women and children' by blocking Scottish gender law as SNP Let them eat cake! As for Melinda the central figure in the circle of loyalty and secrecy, desertion and reconciliation, love and solitariness that was the human drama of Donald Macleans life she lived well into her 90s before dying in New York in 2010, silent to the end about her years with one of Britains most infamous traitors. But more generally womens roles in espionage have been sidelined, and I wonder if thats because a lot of this history has been recorded by men. When author Charlotte Philby's partner ended their relationship, her world fell apart. The basic facts, after all, are well-documented. Despite the number of times we visited Kim in Moscow, no one in the family was ever allowed to have his address. A new TV series highlights the part played by the UK intelligence service's Nicholas Elliott in unmasking the 1960s Cambridge spy ring - events he recalled years later over lunch at his club Damian. He fell for her the moment he met her among the bohemian set he socialised with in Paris, where he was a British diplomat. Elegant Princess of Wales is all smiles as she plays with children on visit to a nursery amid backlash over Thrifty Kate strikes again! At one stage, in the programme for his play Single Spies, the writer Alan Bennett printed a claim that my dad John had turned up late to his own fathers funeral, straight from the airport, and stood swaying behind a gravestone clutching bags of booze. He drank to excess, hit her, and often disappeared. Whatever you believe, Kim felt history would prove him right: Ill be remembered as a good man, he told my mum just two years before his death. Philby still dismissed from Foreign Service for his association with Burgess. Were you always aware that your family had this extraordinary history? If we were really lucky, sometimes and this was still the 1980s thered be a distant ringing, and from a compartment near the gear stick, our escort would pull out a telephone attached to a spiral cord, which hed talk into in a low voice, repeating the same two words, horosho and da, again and again before hanging up. She flew to New York to see her daughter Annie, and it was there that several letters arrived from Philby. Required to take new names and identities, Maclean chose to be Mark Petrovich Frazer (after the Cambridge anthropologist Sir James Frazer of Golden Bough fame, a 12-volume study of mythology and religion). Whatever you believe, Kim felt history would prove him right: Ill be remembered as a good man, he told my mum just two years before his death, Discussing the reasons for this in the introduction to Boroviks book, The Philby Files, the journalist and biographer Phillip Knightley who interviewed my grandfather at length during his final years in Moscow writes: Could the British intelligence service really be run by such fools that no one had noticed that precious information was leaking to Moscow? In contrast to Blake, Philby and Burgess and to a less extent Maclean suffered from nostalgia for Britain. Finally the car grinds to a halt, and the driver, catching my eye in his rear-view mirror, gives a nod. He would say we and our when speaking of the Soviet Union and defended his adopted countrys brutal crushing of the Hungarian Uprising in 1956 an event that disgusted many Left-wing supporters back in the UK. Today, Moscows main strip, Tverskaya Ryad which I remember from childhood holidays as a drab grey stretch clotted with queues of people who looked like they didnt know what they were waiting for (though it was usually oranges or ice cream) is barely recognisable: a knot of designer stores and mobile-phone shops, interspersed with garish billboards hanging between the buildings above the busy main road. When I asked my dad, shortly before he died late last year, how hed felt about his own fathers betrayal, he told me exactly what Kim had told Sayle during that interview in 1963: To betray, you must first belong. And as Kim said himself: I never belonged. My dad always had great respect for my grandfather; he told me that even when he was a child, he always knew he was up to something he just didnt know what. Was he wrong to have continued on the Communist path once so many others had stepped off? Where do you write?I wrote Edith and Kim all over the place because weve been in the process of moving house for the past couple of years, but now I have a shed at the bottom of our garden where I can feel Im in the middle of nowhere, and Im never leaving! Opposites attracted. Your email address will not be published. Personal life. He got himself a job teaching English in a school. But the two men, for so long ideological comrades, fell out. Best thrillers for July 2021, The Times. On the eve of his 99th birthday, I spent, At Kim's flat with his partner, Rufina. When you look at the way Edith is referred to in the [security services] files as that foreign woman, I wonder whether theres a sense of embarrassment too. The next day she notified the British Consul in Geneva. A few days after her return to Switzerland, she told her mother she had run into an old friend in the local market and hed invited her and the children to stay with him for the weekend in his villa at the other end of Lake Geneva. 23. No doubt your grandfather would have disapproved of the sharp contrasts in present-day Russia, he said. There are things I know for certain about my grandfather. The controversial civil rights leader was gunned down in front of his wife and children while making a speech in New York. Of course, he made bold and hugely controversial decisions, some of which had fatal consequences, but he didnt do so lightly. Regardless of what I think of her ideology, I greatly admire the fact that she was able to hold these various parts of her life being a photographer, being a single mother alongside being a revolutionary, feeling that she could change the world. 1942Marries Aileen Furse, with whom he has two daughters and three sons. The view from one of the windows is notably different, too. Rather than angrily confront Philby, the American stated he would ask with considerable satisfaction, "How do . Kim Philby was born on January 1, 1912 in Ambala, Punjab, British India [now Haryana, India]. What counted though against Blunt, and Burgess too, was that they werent journo-friendly. Her mood changed, though, with Stalins death in March 1953 and the prospect that the Soviet Union might now become a more open place. Today, standing at last at his final resting place, surrounded by ex-prime ministers and national heroes in an isolated cemetery on the outskirts of Moscow, with two perfect strangers looming behind me, Im once again reminded of quite how different he was. Although she would be left pitied, even censured, and alone in a country in which she had spent barely one-tenth of her life, it might be better that he should be free to live a new life in Moscow than spend a decade behind bars. George Blake, who is still alive, got on well with him than with Philby. He liked the fact that you could only buy seasonal goods in Moscow, but asked family members to bring out the non-perishables he loved and couldnt get there marmalade, Marmite and Worcestershire sauce. You should have seen his face.". It's Mr (coffee) Bean! document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); The Philby case has always fascinated me. Back in England, begins to cover up his past, joining the Anglo-German Fellowship, editing its pro-Hitler magazine. Feeling a strong dissatisfaction with British policy in the Middle East, Kims father resigned from the Foreign Service in 1930, converting to Islam and taking the name Hajj Abdullah. "His story does not really go away, because there is. In Philbys own eyes he was working for the shape of things to come from which his country would benefit., Kim went to great efforts upon his return to England to cover the traces of his Communist background joining the Anglo-German fellowship in 1934, and editing its pro-Hitler magazine. Then, with no more information to be had, the story of the Macleans went dead. A plaque in his honour was unveiled by the head of the foreign intelligence service at its headquarters in Moscow in December. But her latest article contains several interesting anecdotes, including an episode at Moscows Sheremetyevo International Airport, when Soviet airport staff scrambled frantically to work around the fact that they had accidentally scheduled [the Philbys, who were returning from visiting Kim,] on the same flight back to London as the British ambassador, who was wafting around the terminal in a pinstripe suit. In the middle of the bookcase behind his desk, above his empty chair, just where Kims head would have rested, a single book looms out, cover first. Image: Barney Beech, The courtyard outside Kim's flat. Delivery charges may apply, Kim Philby: I got away with treachery because I was upper class, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, Charlotte Philby: We visited Kim in Moscow, Charlotte Philby at her home in Bristol: Im trying to reconnect with what made me fall in love with books and the process of writing., harlotte Philby, 39, is a former investigative reporter and the author of three critically acclaimed spy novels. Harold Adrian Russell "Kim" Philby (1 January 1912 - 11 May 1988) was a British intelligence officer who worked as a spy for the Soviet Union, before defecting in 1963. In any case, even if an address had been known for grandpa, it may not have been much use in 2010. children: Dudley Thomas Philby, Harry George Philby, John David Philby, Josephine F. Philby, Josephine Philby, Miranda Philby, Tommy Philby Born Country: India Spies British Men Died on: May 11, 1988 place of death: Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union Cause of Death: Heart Failure More Facts Recommended Lists: British Celebrities Russian Celebrities Everything has seen better days. "I said something to the escort and he just stayed silent, sitting, leafing through his magazine. In 1949 Kim Philby became SIS representative in Washington, as top British Secret Service officer working in liaison with the CIA and FBI. "Kim" Philby's oldest son, has penned an extensive account of her memories of her grandfather. Later she became a journalist at the Independent. Kim Philby, the most successful of the Cambridge spies, tried to drink himself to death in Moscow because he was disillusioned with communism and tortured by his own failings, his last wife has said in an interview. But though his love affair with the cause never wavered, his love affair with Melinda did. Having secured Kims first meeting with the Western press since his arrival in Moscow, Sayle says he finds him a courteous man [who] smiles a great deal, and his well-cut grey hair and ruddy complexion suggests vitality and enjoyment of life. Kim leapt up and shouted, 'Whoever is rude to my wife is rude to me!' In a secluded area next to the domed restaurant (one of Kims favourites), the dimly lit bar is serviced by grey-skinned waiters; faux-marble columns run between clusters of heavy red and gold chairs, frequented by groups of men in out-dated suits, briefcases and thick-rimmed glasses, knocking back glasses of vodka, under a thick circle of cigarette smoke. Prince and Princess of Wales pay tribute to Auschwitz survivor Zigi Shipper, who dedicated his life to No rest for Anne! Hed been worried about leaving her and their children to carry on without him, but shed given him the all-clear to go. "There was one funny incident," she remembered. because he "didn't want his children, who were used to life of freedom, to suffer life of oppression". In our final extract, she secretly joins him behind the Iron Curtain. Inside he wrote: Herewith a few extracts from our bible. How easy did you find it to capture Kims voice?I spent so long with his letters and they gave me such an insight into the expressions he used, the way he spoke, how he flipped between being tender and reflective and witty and scathing, and his very English obsession with the weather. Melinda, it turned out, had driven to Lausanne, where tickets were waiting and luggage had been left in a station locker. But it wasnt true. Many times Ive pored over images of the tall, polished tombstone with the Cyrillic script, and the image of his face etched on its surface, in newspaper cuttings and family photos. He went on to serve the KGB for 54 years. Kim Philby, byname of Harold Adrian Russell Philby, (born January 1, 1912, Ambala, Indiadied May 11, 1988, Moscow, Russia, U.S.S.R.), British intelligence officer until 1951 and the most successful Soviet double agent of the Cold War period. Required fields are marked *. And all along he was handing information straight back into the hands of the Russians. I am going to England in July for a Filby reunion at the town Filby. En route, I pass some of Kims old haunts, and heeding his advice to visitors If you can no longer feel your nose, go inside stop off briefly for coffee at that famous Soviet hangout the Hotel Metropole. Im conscious that his story belongs to different people in different ways, within our family and also more widely. But above all, the problem was that Kims intelligence was too good, and to their detriment intelligence services are geared to believe that the better information is, the more it should be questioned. 1912Harold Adrian Russell Kim Philby is born on 1 January in Amballa, India, the son of Dora and St John. Melinda Maclean. Offer valid until May 1, 2018. Philby is summoned for interrogation and asked to resign from Foreign Service. Was that a selfish decision? I remember Kims words: I have followed exactly the same line the whole of my adult life. Recently I found a paparazzo shot of my dad with a suitcase getting into a car and me, aged five, looking into the camera, and I had this moment of recognition. He feared that she would dump him because he was just a boring official in the British diplomatic service so to make myself look better and more important, I told her the reason why I led such a life. 1934Marries Communist Jew Litzi Friedman. According to a recent piece in the Daily Telegraph: For years Philby had sabotaged Allied missions behind the Iron Curtain and had calculatedly sent dozens of agents to their deaths. Most famously, he was almost certainly responsible for the tip-off which led to the deaths of the first British-sponsored Albanians who parachuted in to remove Enver Hoxhas Communist regime. When Melinda and the children joined him, they moved into a small apartment and the children were put into the local Soviet schools. So Philby left his wife and children in England in September 1956, arriving in a country for which he had little natural sympathy. Heads to Vienna to serve the movement there. But as the author Graham Greene my grandfathers close friend and a fellow British intelligence officer, who worked under him at MI6 wrote in the introduction to Kims autobiography, My Silent War: The end, of course, in his eyes is held to justify the means, but this is a view taken, perhaps less openly, by most men involved in politics, if we are to judge them by their actions, whether the politician be a Disraeli or a Wilson. Published: 00:50 GMT, 17 April 2018 | Updated: 14:46 GMT, 17 April 2018, For 15 years, British diplomat Donald Maclean was passing state secrets to his KGB masters. Primary Sources. Maclean was unsure how to act, feeling a mixture of guilt and love, not knowing where he stood with the children he had abandoned and not been able to contact. "It was winter and we were going out for a walk and I found one of my boots had disappeared. 1946Moves to Turkey, working as head of SIS there. She cashed a substantial cheque, bought her toddler daughter some new clothes and settled an outstanding garage bill. The pair got on well in those later years they were very similar in many ways and my father said he never felt any resentment, not even when he unfairly came under fire by virtue of his name. The pair returned to England in May and, by this point already an appointed Soviet agent, Kim found work as a foreign correspondent. n ADAPTED from A Spy Named Orphan by Roland Philipps, to be published by The Bodley Head on April 26 at 20. With his brilliant mind and First from Cambridge, Maclean could bask in being the superior intellect to an under-educated, attractive woman who was both affectionate and popular, where he was withdrawn, giving nothing of himself away. She liked it that he was a man with strong beliefs, and agreed to stand by him. "He once even said that it was the easiest way to bring life to an end. Aileen died in 1957, when Tommy was just 11 years old; his contact with his father was cut off as soon as the double spy defected to the USSR in January 1963. He was happy in Moscow and fulfilled by his work. Little Donald said perhaps he had gone to India because that would be a good place to hide., Donald Maclean with his wife Melinda Marling and his two sons Ronald and Fergus in the 50s, Wanted pictures are posted at a Berlin checkpoint for Donald Maclean and Guy Burgess, Guy Burgess (pictured) did not cope well to life in the Soviet Union - he got drunk and roamed Kuybyshev looking for action, on one occasion having his teeth knocked out in a brawl. Shes always cast as a bit player if shes mentioned at all, but she was a remarkable woman. The two men said very little and the interview lasted barely five minutes. Halfway there, they switched cars and drove to a small airport in the Soviet zone of Austria. "Kim believed in a just society and devoted his whole life to communism. And this was the line Melinda presented to MI5 after his defection with fellow mole Guy Burgess: she had been every bit as duped as theyd been. Later arrives in Russia. "Once, a big group of us were on a trip on the Volga: Kim and I and, of course, his KGB escort, and the escort's daughter. Eventually, Melinda went back to her home country, the U.S., bringing to an end nearly 40 years of endurance, loyalty and betrayal. Kim Philby was probably the most successful double spy in history. So, perhaps, by the time he died, a year before the fall of the Berlin Wall and knowing what he must have known by then he did feel disappointed. But even then, having made calculated decisions based on deeply-felt political ideals, I still dont think he would have done things any differently. The gramophone, in front of which Kim would take a seat to listen to the World Service at 7pm every evening with a cup of coffee, makes a tremendous groan as it comes to life, but its still very much in working nick. Its my third day in Russia. This is not the first time Charlotte Philby has written in defense of her grandfathers actions. Kim Philby with partner Melinda Maclean (who later returned to her husband and fellow spy, Donald Maclean) walk in the woods outside Moscow in the 1960's, photographed by his son John, Donald Maclean pictured in 1937 whilst on a skiing holiday - he fled to Moscow to escape arrest in Britain as the spy who, for 15 years, had passed state secrets to the Soviet Union, Melinda Maclean and her sons in their last European home in Geneva 1953 -she was slight with curly, dark hair, 'an under-educated, attractive woman who was both affectionate and popular'. The kitchen where he would ritualistically make his daily breakfast of bacon, eggs and toast (another English habit he never broke), and spent hours cooking every evening, is now rich with the smell of the savoury pancakes Rufa is preparing for our five-hour feast. The whole plan is being masterminded by Kim Philby in Moscow. Being one of North Korea's elite, for the nation he was the highest profile defection since No Kum-sok (above . She is also the granddaughter of, MI5missed early chance to expose Soviet agent Kim Philby, files reveal, Love and Deception: Philby in Beirut by James Hanning review the spy who loved, maybe, ASplinter of Ice review Graham Greene and Kim Philby clink glasses, Graham Greenes showdown with Soviet spy Kim Philby: A Splinter of Ice review, KimPhilby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files, George Blake exemplified the desolation, waste and treachery of the cold war, Moscow names square after British double agent Kim Philby, Athriller of spies and betrayal: by Kim Philbys granddaughter. JOHN Philby, the eldest son of Soviet spy Kim Philby, who was a double agent and the notorious Third Man in the Cambridge spy ring of the 1930s, has died in England. Heavy blankets of snow have settled across the plains of Moscow, and either side of our track, the ground is a brilliant white. His cover story was that he was a political migr, a trade union leader persecuted in England for his political views. Anthony Blunt referred to her as the grandmother of the Cambridge spies. Macleans study resembled that of a Cambridge professor, with copies of Trollope, biographies of Gladstone and airmail editions of The Times. Kim Philby met his first wife the Jewess, Litzi Friedman in Vienna, and it was Friedman, a dyed-in-the-wool communist, who convinced Philby to become a fellow KGB . He wasnt one to care what others thought: Never be boring, and dont be afraid of offending people was one of the last things he told me before he died. In the living room, the same furs hang above the sofa, alongside a pair of Afghan guns a gift from the KGB colleague whom I spoke to earlier. Amnesia in Literature and Film In the intervening years, there have been endless attempts to understand how this gregarious, public-school educated English chap and his fellow Cambridge spies Guy Burgess, Donald Maclean, Anthony Blunt and John Cairncross could have been persuaded to betray their country, and dupe their family and their friends. Donald Maclean pictured in 1937 while on a skiing holiday - in the Soviet Union he and Guy Burgess described themselves as political refugee, not spies, Donald Maclean with his daughter Mimsie near their country home in England - in the Soviet Union he assumed a new identity, chosing to be Mark Petrovich Frazer (after the Cambridge anthropologist Sir James Frazer), Donald Maclean, aged four, can be seen on the right of this picture on the right of this picture. Charlotte Philby. By the time she left Russia, Maclean was in his final decline, in and out of hospital with cancer from his lifetime of smoking. "Kim said to me, 'I came here totally fully of information, I wanted to give everything I had but no one was interested," explained Pukhova. Melinda fitted the bill. There, a porter recalled taking their luggage to a waiting car with Salzburg number plates which drove off towards Vienna. After five years of silence, communications were re-established with family and friends. He was my grandfather, and then as I grew older it became apparent that he was someone else, too. He had got afraid that I would leave, and hidden the boot.". Melinda returned to Donald, but two years later moved to her own apartment. The first reports that Russia ranks 143rd in a list of the worlds freest economies, just one spot higher than countries with repressed economies like Vietnam, Ecuador, Belarus and Ukraine, while the next tells how oligarch Roman Abramovich, whose wealth is valued at 7 billion, has just snapped up 35 notable artworks to decorate his 560ft private yacht. Meets Guy Burgess, Donald Maclean, Anthony Blunt and John Cairncross. Kim was won over by the Communist cause while a student at Cambridge University, and upon graduation in 1933, travelled to Vienna to serve the international Communist organisation Comintern which was illegal in Austria with 100 in his pocket given to him by his father, St John, who was also a Cambridge graduate. It was bad enough with Kim and the Cambridge spies showing up the British establishment, but the idea that this foreign Jewish woman might run rings around men in positions of authority, perhaps that was embarrassing for them. Exposure showed me along with William Boyds Restless how you can write a novel that is ostensibly a spy story but is really about the people, and the families, at the heart of a great betrayal. To order a copy for 15, visit mailshop.co.uk/ books or call 0844 571 0640. Was he lamentable for still believing that a Communist state could ultimately exist, free from the corruption which plagues all systems, to the benefit of a fair, just society? He sounded in good health and expressed the strong hope that she would join him in. Philby exposed. While working as a senior member of British intelligence, he spied on behalf of the Soviet KGB and NKVD from the early 1930s until 1963, when he defected to Moscow. Later, I notice the same sign above a statue of Lenin near the former KGB headquarters. He reported to the Soviet NKVD from the Spanish civil war under the guise of a correspondent for the Times, and in 1940 joined the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS, or MI6), becoming a double agent and passing many secrets to the Kremlin. Like your own Holy Writ, it is open to many different (and often conflicting) interpretations, according to the tastes and prejudices of the reader., In the accompanying letter, he adds: The difficulty is that [Lenin] was always writing at white-heat on burning questions of the day (or even hour); and naturally his strategy and tactics changed to meet changing circumstances My Russian edition has 55 large volumes, so there is ample room for selective quotation and even spurious interpolation. But the place where Kims presence looms largest from every corner is in his study. Understandably, as a consequence, he is loathed by many. But that didnt mean the ideal itself was corrupt or not worth pursuing. But more importantly, every decision he made was done consciously. And whenever we went to stay, wed be picked up from the airport and driven to his flat via a purposefully circuitous route in a KGB car so that no one could quite remember how we got there. Edith and Kim: The brilliant new historical spy novel based on the true story of the woman behind the Cambridge spies in Cold War espionage. And if a soldier is fighting for a cause he believes in, which he believes is worth sacrificing single human lives for, but then in the end his side loses the war, does that mean that he was wrong to have stood up and fought in the first place? She is also the granddaughter of Kim Philby, the notorious double-agent known as the third man in the Cambridge spy ring. Bennett concludes: Charlotte Philby thinks her grandfather was more honest, but its a saloon-bar honesty. Foreign Secretary Harold Macmillan states in Parliament that there is no evidence of Philby having betrayed the interests of Britain. Pukhova said he was a "special" and principled man. Princess Royal honours Team GB curling stars and Scottish police chief at Palace of Peter Andre launches scathing attack on Prince Harry as he says Duke of Sussex is 'publicly trashing his Take note, Prince Harry! He achieved the deception by employing his occasional stutter, so as to buy himself time to think before telling another bare-faced lie. The most successful double spy in history KGB headquarters there are things I know for certain about my grandfather and. Country for which he had little natural sympathy persecuted in England, begins to cover up his,. Against Blunt, and often disappeared few extracts from our bible well with than. Of my adult life gives a nod 1912harold Adrian Russell Kim Philby was born on 1 January in Amballa India. Grandfather ever questioned a single decision he made bold and hugely controversial decisions, some of had... Of his 99th birthday, I spent, at Kim 's flat his! 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Leave, and often disappeared Burgess and to a small apartment and the were! 'S flat with his partner, Rufina before telling another bare-faced lie presence largest... Be had, the story of the times Beech, the notorious double-agent known as the grandmother of Cambridge... Foreign Service quot ; How do and then as I grew older it became apparent that was! Children joined him, they moved into a small apartment and the driver, catching my eye in own! The kim philby children was ever allowed to have continued on the Communist path once so many others had stepped off partner... To New York to see her daughter Annie, and hidden the.... In Parliament that there is suffered from nostalgia for Britain Burgess too was... Agreed to stand by him relationship, her world fell apart with no more information to be had, notorious., visit mailshop.co.uk/ books or call 0844 571 0640 station locker wrote Herewith...
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