Haylage is a fermented forage that is fed to animals like hay. University of Wisconsin Board of Regents, 2000, Daniel Wiersma, UW-Madison, Marshfield Agricultural Research Station Introduction 518 Farm House Lane Since this was already after dark, after 9 p.m. we were glad to get it done! Conversion Chart This is a conversion page for density units. The weight of the tractor is the issue here, not the unroller. Small two string bales can be easily handled by most people without special handling equipment. Just as a reminder, it goes as follows: ` weight = volume density. BZy72%=YwIVr{'# +)9I2I]}w This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Formula: This work is supported in part by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. Data was summarized by crop species and cutting number during the season. In this example the actual wet basis density of the silage is 14 lb per cu-ft / 0.35 = 40 lb /cu-ft. This way the lambs can spend the summer outside with their moms, eating grass and enjoying the sunshine. 7,200 cubic feet b. In the past, we harvested any extra forage we grew as dry hay and left the haylage making to others. Many people use the words haylage and baleage interchangeably. The good parts and the not so good parts come together, so lets look at some of the pros and cons of both haylage compared to hay. In a 5-foot by 5-foot bale, the difference between 10 and 11 pounds of dry matter per square foot amounts to over 100 pounds per bale at both the 10 and 15 percent moisture levels. 0000043684 00000 n This means that the actual forage density for all species ranged from 4.2 lbs DM/ft to 5.8 lbs DM/ft. Haylage can be fed in the same way as dry hay. In addition, this example will assume an average forage density of 5.0 lbs DM/ft and a forage dry matter of 40%. Next, we cut the netting and pull it off the bale right before unrolling. If you find a tear, fix it with agricultural tape, duct tape wont hold for more than a few weeks. It has timing issues as well. The other possible weight that a freight company may use to calculate shipping costs is called cubic weight, and that is based on cubic feet/meters. 0000044442 00000 n Forage species also affects bale weight. link to Why Do Farmers Have Lambs In The Winter. For clarity's sake, let's go through a quick example. Size: 22 wide x 16 high x 44 long, Weight: 2 to 3 times the weight of the same size standard bale. If you need to convert to cubic feet from meters/metres: multiply your final number by 35.31. Copyright 1995-document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) The example specified 65% moisture therefore the silage contains 35% dry matter. 2020-41595-30123 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. (20 lbs / 100 lbs) = 20%. Some farms grind the forage up like silage then put it in a silo or silage bag. This is start of fermentation, which will preserve the forage in a way similat to sauerkraut. The two main plant types are grasses and legumes. Either way, this is the not exact, youll have to give it your best guess part. 0000012591 00000 n Multiply by .515 if ground ear corn. Thanks for stopping by! However, before determining the actual weights, the agents and the bale owner/producer took a crack at estimating the average bale weight (three bales were weighed at each farm). Round bales, also called rolls of hay, started showing up in fields about 40 years ago. Sometimes growers sell hay from a field and require an estimate of the quantity removed or sold. What exactly is haylage and will it work for you, your farm and your livestock? The pounds of silage in the silo is calculated by multiplying: Length (ft) x width (ft) x depth (ft) x density (lb/cu-ft) at the final moisture content. Bale density also plays a rather large role in final bale weight. Grass bales generally will weigh less than legume-based bales of similar size. It often ranges from 9 to 12 pounds per cubic foot. They are often preferred when the bale is going to be shipped long distances, since their density lowers shipping costs and makes it easier to build a secure load. Although heavier than two string bales, they can be handled by one or two people without special equipment. Oatlage: What Is It? If you cut the netting sooner, you may not be able to move the bale, especially if you are using a spear instead of an unroller. The extension agents noted that there was not only large farm-to-farm variability but also extreme differences within bales of the same size located on different farms. Bale density is measured in pounds per cubic foot. A bale sitting on the flat end keeps its round shape, bales left on the round edge will flatten a bit and be harder to wrap, especially if you are individually wrapping them. First cut alfalfa haylage and red clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft. Dont use anything that will pierce the plastic. Snow can vary in weight from a little over a pound to as much as 30 pounds per cubic foot. Both have advantages and ideal use situations. Density = 0.628 bushels per cubic foot for ear corn Density = 5.4 + (0.28 x depth of haylage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for haylage (density increases with the depth of the haylage) The formula for calculating the weight of pine per cubic foot is pretty simple: Weight (lbs) = Specific Gravity x Volume (cu. Being round they are difficult to secure and there have been multiple accidents caused by bales falling from trucks. An EEO/AA employer, University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title VI, Title IX, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act requirements. We have those too. 0000039989 00000 n To feed the haylage on pasture, we cut the plastic off, then drive into the field. Once the bales are wrapped, they are put in an out of the way place where they will stay until fed. Some farms make haylage like silage-chop it up and put it in a silo. Hopefully, the timing coincides with a window of nice weather! Then the operator can quickly view the forage level and write it down for future calculation. The catch is to make the dry hay you (or the person you are buying hay from) need to have the break in the weather that will permit making dry hay. For us, north central Ohio, this hay making window is at least three days of clear weather. You will need a loader or a skid steer to put the bales into the tube wrapper. 0000020091 00000 n Density = 10 to 12 pounds per cubic foot for corn stover Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! The weight of soil per cubic foot depends on the type of soil and whether it is moist or dry. I like dry hay and actually prefer feeding dry hay to some of our animals. Fresh baled hay: 18% to 20% moisture by weight. We all know that the sooner you notice a health problem in your stock, the sooner you can start treatment and get her back into top shape. 0000012306 00000 n Density = 10 to 14 pounds per cubic foot for hay You put it in a drying oven to remove all the moisture. You have a hay bale that weighs 100 lb. If you need to convert to cubic feet from inches: divide the final number (i.e. You cut the hay field at the highest nutrition growth stage for your stock, usually this is right before blooming or sending up a seed head. For us, its a big help. To convert to bushels of corn, multiply cubic feet times .8 (If the corn is 15.5% moisture). These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. 0000023911 00000 n link to How Do You Know If A Sheep Is Sick? First, if youre purchasing bales out of field, they are likely going to be at a higher moisture level and weight than they will be after being cured in storage. Most people use two tractors to make haylage. Crib capacities in bushels for ear corn per foot of length: Width Height in Feet In feet 8' 10' 12' 14' 16' The first tractor is on the baler and the second is either running the wrapper or tipping the bales up onto the flat side to sit. There are two standard guides for determining the weight and volume of corn silage. While this calculation is better than a guess, it does not provide the accuracy required for sale of forage or yield checks. 185 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 188 /H [ 1610 727 ] /L 239078 /E 44700 /N 24 /T 235259 >> endobj xref 185 49 0000000016 00000 n It frequently is used to refer to the loss of feed during harvest, handling, and storage. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. I truly enjoy sharing our experiences (Im the writer) and helping folks get started raising animals on their own farm or in the backyard. Pi - Constant with an approximate value of 3.1416 Here well focus only on the baled haylage. It needs to dry out more. To convert from 14 lb/cu-ft (dry basis) to the wet basis weight at 65% moisture, divide the dry matter weight (lb/cu-ft) by the final dry matter content in the product. Round bales, also called rolls of hay, started showing up in fields about 40 years ago. 0000002795 00000 n Short distance transport is done with special wagons and trailers. If you need to convert to cubic feet from yards: multiply your final number by 27. This way the lambs can spend the summer outside with their moms, eating grass and enjoying the sunshine. x . 0000003418 00000 n Once the forage is cut, you watch to see how it is drying down. Please use the following information as a guide. Most small square bales can be handled manually. 1 Capacity based on 16 lbs. It should be pretty easy weigh the bales and then buy or sell the bales based on that weight. First cut alfalfa haylage and red clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft3. Either way, youll end up with a white wrapped line of bales in your field, like the ones at the beginning of this article. Ready to bale fields of hay sitting soaking wet for weeks (last year, and the year before) was a normal sight in our area. Bales that only deform under the tractor's weight will likely have 12 pounds DM per cubic foot. The first part of the formula is the specific gravity of the wood. 0000015064 00000 n Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Missing the weight of a bale by 10 percent amounts to some pretty significant dollars if multiple tons are being purchased. With a focus on industry applications and research, the online program is designed with maximum flexibility for today's working professionals. Weight: from 1,000 to 2,200 lbs. For round bins you may use the top line in Table and multiply by height in feet. Please check Cooking Ingredience Conversion and Weight to Volume Conversion. Hay bales can weigh from 40 lbs to 2,000 lbs (18 kg to 907 kg). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. These bales are super heavy and do not roll, so a loader of some sort is required to get the haylage to your animals when you want to feed it. 0000010980 00000 n These bales are heavy, moving them with people power once they are in the barn doesnt work. pounds of dry forage per cubic foot (lbs DM/ft 3). In the previously mentioned Wisconsin study, the average weight of a 4-foot by 5-foot legume bale was 986 pounds. Both are fermented hay made for feeding livestock. The term shrink is used widely in the feed industry. These large bales have replaced their smaller counterparts on many farms and hay growing operations.. As long as it is fermented hay, it is hayage. When raising sheep, you occasionally get a sick one. Use Table 5 to adjust for other moisture levels. of Science and Technology Haylage has two big advantages over dry hay: First off, lets talk about storage. 0000006056 00000 n Grass bales, like timothy, weigh 20% less than alfalfa bales. Large Round Bales Pounds = 3.1416 x ( diameter / 12) x ( diameter / 12) x (width / 12) (all in inches) x density Density = 10 to 12 pounds per cubic foot for hay Density = 5 to 7 pounds per cubic foot for straw Haylage is faster to make from start to finish. The list of factors that can influence the weight of a large round bale include: Forage maturity (percent leaves and stems). There are two standard guides for determining the weight and volume of corn silage. The first is called dead weight; that is the actual weight of the item to be shipped in its completely boxed and ready-to-ship form.. This Focus on Forage article describes a method to estimate the weight of chopped forage in a forage wagon box. 0000015041 00000 n Mono-Slope Beef Barn Air Quality Research Project. So why do you see some sheep with Hey there, Im Kathy! Haylage is an opportunity to harvest forage for your stock when your harvesting conditions make dry hay unlikely to be successful, or you just want to preserve more of the nutrients in your forage. Around here the common options for haylage are wrapping individual bales or making one long tube per batch of haylage. A big enough tractor to move the bales is a big enough tractor to make some big ruts. %PDF-1.3 % When you decide it is time to bale, be sure you are using a baler that can handle the extra weight of the wetter forages. To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". 0000001459 00000 n ] VMkd?h5u#]XLT. This will change depending upon where you live and how good of a drying day (sunny, low humidity or cloudy, high humidity) you have. The latter accounts for the largest change. Leaves generally pack better than stems, so as plants mature and develop a higher percentage of stems to leaves, bales generally become less dense and weigh less. Think about it like sauerkraut compared to shredded cabbage. We put the bale in the end of the barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and remove the netting while inside. It is listed in pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic meter. For cows to digest the starch in corn efficiently, the corn kernels in chopped and processed whole-plant corn must be broken into small particles. Frequently it would be useful to know the weight of forage harvested from a field. A 4x5 bale weighs 950 lbs (430 kg). Short distance transport is done with special wagons and trailers. Haylage is normally stored outside in rows or stacks, no barn is needed. When the density of haylage or corn silage in a forage box is known, an estimate of the total forage weight in a chopper box can be calculated by multiplying the chopper box volume by the forage density. The long-standing guideline to achieve a minimum acceptable pack density is 800 pounds of packing weight per ton of forage delivered to the silo per hour. How long the haylage takes to reach 45-55% depends upon the forage and the weather, but the next day is likely the time to bale haylage for us. Forage Species Typical hay bale density is 9 to 12 lbs per cubic foot. One day I asked one of the sellers whom I knew pretty well why he didnt scale his load. When purchasing baleage, it is always recommended to either weigh the bales or have a rock-solid moisture test. Large square hay bales and round hay bales require bale handling equipment such as a tractor with a bale lift. From the time you mow the forage until the time it is wrapped (stored) is a shorter time period than it takes to make hay, since hay needs to be completely dry.
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